2013年11月IB生物SL真题下载-Paper3
1. Inadequate filtering of waste products from the blood is known as kidney failure. If this condition is found in a patient, or albumin is present in their urine, it shows that the patient has chronic kidney disease. Type II diabetes is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease in Australia. The bar graph shows the frequency of kidney failure in patients with type II diabetes in different Australian ethnic groups. It also shows the level of albumin in the urine of patients with both type II diabetes and kidney failure.
(a) (i) State the ethnic group with the lowest frequency of kidney failure.
(ii) State the frequency of both kidney failure and greater than normal albumin levels in patients of European ancestry with type II diabetes.
(b) Compare the levels of albumin in urine of patients with kidney failure in the different ethnic groups.
(c) The usual method of screening for chronic kidney disease is to test for kidney failure.Using the data in the bar chart, suggest why this method leads to more cases being missed in patients of indigenous Australian ancestry than in patients with European ancestry.
2. (a) (i) State how non-essential amino acids can be obtained if they are not present in the diet.
(ii) List two consequences of anorexia nervosa.
(b) Explain the causes, consequences and treatment of phenylketonuria (PKU).
3. (a) Outline the molecular structure of different types of fatty acids. [3]
(b) Evaluate the benefit of reducing cholesterol in the diet.
2013年11月IB生物SL真题余下省略！
你可能还关注