2019年5月IB生物SL真题下载-Paper2
1. Ebola virus disease (EVD) is the disease in humans and other primates that is caused by the Ebola virus. Fruit bats are the reservoir for the virus and are able to spread the disease without being affected. Humans can become infected by contact with fruit bats or with people infected by the virus, their body fluids or equipment used to treat them.
The table shows data for four African countries that were affected by the 2014–2015 Ebola outbreak.
(a) Identify the country with
(i) the largest number of Ebola cases.
(ii) the largest number of deaths.
(b) Analysis of the data suggests that the number of deaths from EVD is not related to the total population size. State one piece of evidence from the data that would support this analysis.
(c) Based on the mode of transmission of the Ebola virus, suggest a possible reason for the relationship between population density and the number of Ebola cases in these four countries.
The graphs show the progress of the EVD epidemic in Guinea and Liberia for the period April 2014 to May 2015.
(d) Based on the data, compare and contrast the progress of the epidemic in Liberia and Guinea.
(e) Suggest two possible reasons for the drop in the daily numbers of newly infected cases after October 2014 in Liberia.
An antiviral drug, T-705, was tested in order to establish whether it has potential to treat EVD.The graph shows the data from an in vitro trial of T-705 on cells that had been infected with Ebola virus five days previously. Virus concentration and live cells are shown as percentage of the control.
(f) Based on these data, outline the evidence that T-705 has potential to be used as a treatment for EVD.
(g) District administrators combatting the 2014 Ebola epidemic in West Africa were assisted by international organizations such as the World Health Organization, who provided data on the progress of the epidemic. Suggest one other way in which international organizations can assist with combatting an epidemic of Ebola.
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